From the 16th century to the 17th century, lacquer was introduced to Europe on a large scale for the first time through trade with Japanese. Until the 19th century, lacquerware was one of Japan's major exports, and European royalty, aristocrats and religious people represented by Marie-Antoinette, Maria Theresa and The Society of Jesus collected Japanese lacquerware luxuriously decorated with maki-e. [20] [21] The terms related to lacquer such as " Japanning", " Urushiol" and " maque" which means lacquer in Mexican Spanish, are derived from Japanese. [22] [23] In modern techniques, lacquer means a range of clear or pigmented coatings that dry by solvent evaporation to produce a hard, durable finish. The finish can be of any sheen level from ultra matte to high gloss, and it can be further polished as required. Lacquer finishes are usually harder and more brittle than oil-based or latex paints, and are typically used on hard and smooth surfaces. [ citation needed] Types of lacquer vary from place to place but they can be divided into unprocessed and processed categories. Salespeople that act as an extension of your purchasing department (we will get any metal products you need)

In terms of modern finishing products, finishes based on shellac dissolved in alcohol are often called shellac or lac to distinguish them from synthetic lacquer, often called simply lacquer, which consists of synthetic polymers (such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate ("CAB"), or acrylic resin) dissolved in lacquer thinner, a mixture of various organic solvents. [2] Although synthetic lacquer is more durable than shellac, traditional shellac finishes are nevertheless often preferred for their aesthetic characteristics, as with French polish, as well as their "all-natural" and generally food-safe ingredients.Ulrich Meier-Westhues (November 2007), Polyurethanes: coatings, adhesives and sealants, Vincentz Network GmbH & Co KG, 2007, ISBN 978-3-87870-334-1, ... Shellac, a natural resin secreted by the scaly lac insect, has been used in India for centuries as a decorative coating for surfaces. The word lacquer in English is derived from the Sanskrit word laksha. which means one hundred thousand ...

Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1996), The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1942, Kraus Publications, ISBN 0-87341-428-4 p.1050 Lacquer dish with Chinese character for longevity, mid 16th century Maki-e sake bottle with Tokugawa clan's mon (emblem), Japan, Edo period Lacquer plate, Nam Định province, Vietnam, Nguyễn dynastyLightly tarnished surfaces should be cleaned with a good quality metal polish, which must then be removed with warm soapy water. The problem with using nitrocellulose in lacquers was its high viscosity, which necessitated dilution of the product with large amounts of thinner for application, leaving only a very thin film of finish not durable enough for outdoor use. This problem was overcome by decreasing the viscosity of the polymer (the term actually post-dates the empirical solution, with Staudinger's modern structural theory explaining polymer solution viscosity by length of molecular chains not yet experimentally proven in 1920s) with heat treatments, either with 2% of mineral acid or in an autoclave at considerable pressure. [25]

Lacquers are usually solvent based, which means brushes and spraying equipment need cleaning with white spirit / thinners. The English lacquer is from the archaic French word lacre "a kind of sealing wax", from Portuguese lacre, itself an unexplained variant of Medieval Latin lacca "resinous substance," from Arabic lakk ( لك), from Persian lāk ( لاک‎), from Hindi lākh ( लाख); Prakrit lakkha, 𑀮𑀓𑁆𑀔), [3] [4] [5] [6] itself from the Sanskrit word lākshā ( लाक्षा) for lac bug, representing the number one hundred thousand (100,000), used as wood finish in ancient India and neighbouring areas. [7] Laksha is a traditional form of lacquerware from Sri Lanka which is made from shellac derived from Lac. Sheen measurement [ edit ]

BTU calculation result is:

Remove all traces of metal polish with warm soapy water and dry with a lint free cloth or paper towel. lacquer – Origin and meaning of lacquer by Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com . Retrieved 27 October 2017. Kathryn Santner (October 2, 2012). "Writ in Lacquer: A Genteel Courtship on a Mexican Sewing Box". Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art . Retrieved June 10, 2015. Do not apply in damp weather conditions. Rustins Metal Lacquer is not suitable for use on some metals such as mild & stainless steel. Materials to be lacquered, must have a clean surface, with all dirt / grease removed. Lacquer should be applied in a dust free environment, with workers wearing appropriate protective clothing and breathing mask. Usually, the spray can version of lacquer is the easiest to apply, as the product can be sprayed lightly, allowing plenty of time between coats.

A maki-e and mother-of-pearl inlay cabinet that was exported from Japan to Europe in the 16th century. Surface Preparation - Surface must be clean and free from all traces of wax, grease and metal polish. Asian lacquerware, which may be called "true lacquer", are objects coated with the treated, dyed and dried sap of Toxicodendron vernicifluum or related trees, applied in several coats to a base that is usually wood. This dries to a very hard and smooth surface layer which is durable, waterproof, and attractive in feel and look. Asian lacquer is sometimes painted with pictures, inlaid with shell and other materials, or carved, as well as dusted with gold and given other further decorative treatments.There are a number of forms of urushiol. They vary by the length of the R chain, which depends on the species of plant producing the urushiol. Urushiol can also vary in the degree of saturation in the carbon chain. Urushiol can be drawn as follows: