The Wisest Fool in Christendom

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The most worrying aspect of this story is its effect not here in the UK but in places like Nigeria and Pakistan where Christians are already under threat from sharia law. In an interview with the BBC (listen here?, a transcription here) Archbishop Ben Kwashi of Jos, Nigeria, said: Stewart, Alan (2003), The Cradle King: A Life of James VI & I, London: Chatto and Windus, ISBN 978-0-7011-6984-8 Stewart 2003, p.248: "Latter day experts have suggested enteric fever, typhoid fever, or porphyria, but at the time poison was the most popular explanation ... John Chamberlain wrote that it was 'verily thought that the disease was no other than the ordinary ague that had reigned and raged all over England'."

See also: Cultural depictions of James VI and I On the ceiling of the Banqueting House, Rubens depicted James being carried to heaven by angels. Villiers in turn showered honours on his own family, all of which James benignly approved, for, said he one day in the presence of the entire Villiers family, “I desire to advance you above all others.” When this kind of lead was being given by the King, bribery and corruption became understandingly rife in high places. James's captors forced from him a proclamation, dated 30 August, declaring that he was not being held prisoner "forced or constrained, for fear or terror, or against his will", and that no one should come to his aid as a result of "seditious or contrary reports". [33]a b Cummings, Brian, ed. (2011). The Book of Common Prayer: The Texts of 1549, 1559, and 1662. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.737. Rhodes, Richards & Marshall 2003, p.1: "James VI and I was the most writerly of British monarchs. He produced original poetry, as well as translation and a treatise on poetics; works on witchcraft and tobacco; meditations and commentaries on the Scriptures; a manual on kingship; works of political theory; and, of course, speeches to parliament ... He was the patron of Shakespeare, Jonson, Donne, and the translators of the "Authorized version" of the Bible, surely the greatest concentration of literary talent ever to enjoy royal sponsorship in England." Charles I, King of England, Scotland and Ireland (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649). Married 1625 Henrietta Maria of France. Succeeded James I & VI. Representative of the new historical perspective is the 2003 biography by Pauline Croft. Reviewer John Cramsie summarises her findings: Elizabeth I wrote to Mary: "My ears have been so astounded, my mind so disturbed and my heart so appalled at hearing the horrible report of the abominable murder of your late husband and my slaughtered cousin, that I can scarcely as yet summon the spirit to write about it ... I will not conceal from you that people for the most part are saying that you will look through your fingers at this deed instead of avenging it and that you don't care to take action against those who have done you this pleasure." Historian John Guy nonetheless concludes: "Not a single piece of uncontaminated evidence has ever been found to show that Mary had foreknowledge of Darnley's murder". [14] In historian David Harris Willson's view, however: "That Bothwell was the murderer no one can doubt; and that Mary was his accomplice seems equally certain." [15]

Main article: Union of the Crowns The Union of the Crowns was symbolised in James's personal royal heraldic badge after 1603, the Tudor rose dimidiated with the Scottish thistle ensigned by the royal crown. demonstrate the ability to develop and sustain original scholarly arguments in oral and written form in seminar discussions, presentations, research reports and essays by independently formulating appropriate questions and utilising relevant evidence considered in the course Croft 2003, p.126: "On that divergence of interpretation, relations between the future king and the Parliaments of the years 1625–9 were to founder". Richard Bucholz and Newton Key, Early Modern England, 1485-1714: A Narrative History (2009), p. 218-219In fact, James spent the rest of his life saying and doing things which showed that he clearly had no thoughts of the future whatsoever. Willumsen, Liv Helene (1 December 2020). "Witchcraft against Royal Danish Ships in 1589 and the Transnational Transfer of Ideas". International Review of Scottish Studies. 45: 54–99. doi: 10.21083/irss.v45i0.5801. S2CID 229451135– via www.irss.uoguelph.ca. Letter of Mary to Mar, 29 March 1567, quoted by Stewart 2003, p.27: "Suffer nor admit no noblemen of our realm or any others, of what condition soever they be of, to enter or come within our said Castle or to the presence of our said dearest son, with any more persons but two or three at the most."